<?php

/**
 * This class implements a variant of the popular token bucket algorithm.
 */
class blcTokenBucketList {
	const MICROSECONDS_PER_SECOND = 1000000;

	/** @var float How many tokens each bucket can hold. */
	private $capacity;

	/** @var  float How long it takes to completely fill a bucket (in seconds). */
	private $fillTime; //phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidVariableName.PropertyNotSnakeCase

	/** @var float Minimum interval between taking tokens from a bucket (in seconds).  */
	private $minTakeInterval; //phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidVariableName.PropertyNotSnakeCase

	/** @var int How many buckets we can manage, in total. */
	private $maxBuckets = 200; //phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidVariableName.PropertyNotSnakeCase

	private $buckets = array();

	public function __construct( $capacity, $fillTime, $minInterval = 0 ) {
		$this->capacity        = $capacity;
		$this->fillTime        = $fillTime;
		$this->minTakeInterval = $minInterval;
	}

	/**
	 * Take one token from a bucket.
	 * This method will block until a token becomes available.
	 *
	 * @param string $bucketName
	 */
	 //phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.MethodNameInvalid
	public function takeToken( $bucketName ) {
		$this->createIfNotExists( $bucketName );
		$this->waitForToken( $bucketName );

		$this->buckets[ $bucketName ]['tokens']--;
		$this->buckets[ $bucketName ]['lastTokenTakenAt'] = microtime( true );
	}

	/**
	 * Wait until at a token is available.
	 *
	 * @param string $name Bucket name.
	 */
	//phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.MethodNameInvalid
	private function waitForToken( $name ) {
		$now = microtime( true );

		$timeSinceLastToken = $now - $this->buckets[ $name ]['lastTokenTakenAt'];
		$intervalWait       = max( $this->minTakeInterval - $timeSinceLastToken, 0 );

		$requiredTokens = max( 1 - $this->buckets[ $name ]['tokens'], 0 );
		$refillWait     = $requiredTokens / $this->getFillRate();

		$totalWait = max( $intervalWait, $refillWait );
		if ( $totalWait > 0 ) {
			usleep( $totalWait * self::MICROSECONDS_PER_SECOND );
		}

		$this->refillBucket( $name );
		return;
	}

	/**
	 * Create a bucket if it doesn't exist yet.
	 *
	 * @param $name
	 */
	//phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.MethodNameInvalid
	private function createIfNotExists( $name ) {
		if ( ! isset( $this->buckets[ $name ] ) ) {
			$this->buckets[ $name ] = array(
				'tokens'           => $this->capacity,
				'lastRefill'       => microtime( true ),
				'lastTokenTakenAt' => 0,
			);
		}
		//Make sure we don't exceed $maxBuckets.
		$this->cleanup();
	}

	/**
	 * Calculate how quickly each bucket should be refilled.
	 *
	 * @return float Fill rate in tokens per second.
	 */
	//phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.MethodNameInvalid
	private function getFillRate() {
		return $this->capacity / $this->fillTime;
	}

	/**
	 * Refill a bucket with fresh tokens.
	 *
	 * @param $name
	 */
	//phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.MethodNameInvalid
	private function refillBucket( $name ) {
		$now = microtime( true );

		$timeSinceRefill                   = $now - $this->buckets[ $name ]['lastRefill'];
		$this->buckets[ $name ]['tokens'] += $timeSinceRefill * $this->getFillRate();

		if ( $this->buckets[ $name ]['tokens'] > $this->capacity ) {
			$this->buckets[ $name ]['tokens'] = $this->capacity;
		}

		$this->buckets[ $name ]['lastRefill'] = $now;
	}

	/**
	 * Keep the number of active buckets within the $this->maxBuckets limit.
	 */
	private function cleanup() {
		if ( $this->maxBuckets > 0 ) {
			//Very simplistic implementation - just discard the oldest buckets.
			while ( count( $this->buckets ) > $this->maxBuckets ) {
				array_shift( $this->buckets );
			}
		}
	}
}